Methods And Techniques For Advancement Of Nursing Knowledge Free Essay Example, 3000 words

The best evidence base for practice in case of nursing would develop from the integration of research evidence with practical knowledge. Polit and Beck have defined evidence-based practice to be "making clinical decisions on the basis of the best possible evidence. Usually, the best evidence comes from rigorous research but EBP also uses other sources of credible information (Polit Beck, 2004, p. The focus of this assignment is on the assessment and care planning of an elderly client who was nursed and cared for by me in the hospital where I had a placement as a student nurse. This patient was admitted due to (COPD). The patient was a 67-year-old lady with severe COPD. A recent exacerbation resulted in prolonged hospital admission. She was breathless at rest, had a persistent cough and appeared to have some ankle edema. The identity of the patient will remain undisclosed due to the ethical need for confidentiality. The NMC Code of Conduct (2009) in its article 8 indicates the impor tance on the part of nurses to respect the confidentiality of the client, which is also legislated (NMC, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Methods And Techniques For Advancement Of Nursing Knowledge or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now However, for this assignment, she will be called Ms. Jenny, which would obviously be a pseudonym. The medical history of the patient is that of a long-suffering with cycles of exacerbations and remissions, which has been accompanied with a history of hypertension, complicating congestive heart failure, and diabetes mellitus. The social history of the patient indicates she had been a smoker, lives alone, with one son staying in the United States with his family. The patient has complicated lung disease, which has characteristic exacerbations and remissions. The patient presented with restlessness, agitation, dyspnoea, disorientation, and confusion. When asked she also complained of a headache and dizziness. She had a rapid rate of breathing with evident use of accessory muscles of respiration. An individual and person is a whole, which stands in sharp contrast with the fragmented and systemic view of the human body as per the medical model.

The Salem Witch Trials A Time Of Hysteria And Confusion

The Salem Trials Introduction - The Salem Witch trials was a time of hysteria and confusion. People were being accused and giving false confessions of witchcraft being performed on the people of Salem, Massachusetts. Personal Statement - The delusion of witchcraft stemmed from fear. Fear of savages, fear of women gaining control and ultimately fear of the unknown. RoadMap - It allowed for the town s imagination to run rampant and to make up these far fetched ideas of how bewitchment came to be, how it affected salem, and how they chose to treat it. Point one - According to history.com 9 year old Elizabeth parris and 11 year old Abigail Williams began having outbursts of screamng and violent contortions. When the town doctor came to examine them he claimed they were under bewitchment. Other girls in the community began to show the same symptoms including Ann Putnam, Mercy lewis, Mary Walcott, Elizabeth Hubbard, and Mary Warren. As these young girls were under their spells of bewitchment they would accuse other women in the town of causing these afflictions and scream out they were being hurt by these women. Among the accused was Tituba - The Parris slave -, a homeless woman named Sarah Good, and the elderly Sarah Osborn. These three accused witches would stand trial in front of the magistrates, Jonathan Corwin and John Hathorne, even as the accusers would show a display of spasms, contortions, and screaming. Good and Osborn remained to plead not guilty and defendShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Theories of the Salem Witch Trials1135 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theories of the Salem Witch Trials The Salem Witch trials and what caused them is very debatable. Some theories lead to Rye poisoning from bread to even people faking it. The most believable claim is that people were faking it. Everyone had a motive and they all just wanted to save themselves. It was a time when people were selfish and only cared for themselves. This time in Salem was a troubling time, making it seem likely that satan was active (Linder). The townsfolk are believed to haveRead MoreThe Effects Of Hysteria In The Crucible1489 Words   |  6 Pagesfor. Hysteria is a major leader in past and present day society when it comes to how people act and think in different situations. The Crucible provides great examples with how hysteria can affect a group of people. Back in Salem, Massachusetts 1692, hysterics swept the town, creating storms of emotion. Everyone is wondering, what to do? What to think? In The Crucible, Arthur Miller uses the effects of mass hysteria to reveal his purpose of using it in his writing, how society at that time reactsRead MoreHysteria In The Crucible1474 Words   |  6 Pagess behavior and thoughts. Hysteria, uncontrollable emotion among groups, is a major leader in past and present day society when it comes to how people act and think in different situations. The Crucible provides great examples with ho w hysteria can affect a group of people. Back in Salem, Massachusetts 1692, hysterics swept the town, creating a storm of emotions. Everyone wondering, what to do? What to think? In The Crucible, Arthur Miller uses the effects of mass hysteria to reveal his purpose ofRead Moreâ€Å"Red Alert Is The Colour Of Panic. Elevated To The Point1704 Words   |  7 Pagesfull-throttle screaming And the welfare is asphyxiating Mass confusion is all the new age and it s creating a feeding ground for the bottom feeders of hysteria† American Eulogy by Green Day was written and released in 2009 giving their audience the feeling of what it is like to be in the middle of mass hysteria and trying to escape that life. Just as people felt During the Cold War and the Salem Witch Trials. The Crucible takes place in Salem, Massachusetts when he wrote the play in 1953 during theRead MoreAn Age Of Mass Hysteria1623 Words   |  7 PagesAn Age of Mass Hysteria: Salem in 1692 and 1693 Over 200 people were falsely accused of witchcraft from 1692 to 1693 in Salem, Massachusetts and 20 of those people were executed. Arthur Miller’s The Crucible follows a group of people in Salem and their struggle to find an answer that explains the tragedies of life through religion. Their faith plays such an influential role in their life that they use it to explain things that modern science would explain. They believe that the bad things thatRead MoreExamples Of Mass Hysteria In The Crucible1413 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the Salem Witch Trials of 1962, nearly 20 people were sentenced to death, upon being accused as â€Å"hosts† of the devil and his evil ways of life. In the novel, The Crucible by Arthur Miller he depicts the mass hysteria of the Salem Witch Trials. The Witch Trials were provoked by the strict religious beliefs of the Puritan community, in which the people believed that the devil was constantly trying to pervade their religious communities and the ir Christian beliefs. Within the Crucible, AbigailsRead MoreEssay The Crucible by Arthur Miller1541 Words   |  7 Pagesburns with the accusations of witchcraft, mass hysteria and retribution. Set in the small town of Salem Massachusetts in 1692, it explores the struggle of one man with his conscience and his eventual purification. A fictional play based on McCarthyism, a dark chapter in American history. Miller uses The Crucible as a mirror to reflect his views on the anti-communist hysteria inspired by Senator Joseph McCarthys witch hunts in the U.S. Reissue. By using the historicalRead MoreThe Mystery of the Salem Witch Trails of 1692623 Words   |  2 Pagesvictories as well as many shames. One of the most famous ignominies was the Salem witch trials in 1692. During the witch trials, many were wrongfully accused and some were executed. There are many theories about why this horror story commenced, but there are no clear appointed reasons. Medical factors may have contributed to the events such as ergot poisoning, traumatic stress, and mass hysteria. Considering that this was an early time in American history, it was likely that these factors were overlookedRead MoreCauses of the Salem Witch Trials Essay2035 Words   |  9 Pagesbeginning of time there has been conflict between the views of different people and their different groups. Conflict has brought prejudice and fear into communities around the world. As conflict is an inescapable part of any society, it can be expected to extend to the greate st impact possible. The Salem Witch Trials are one such conflict. This conflict caused many to be accused, arrested, and killed. Because of social, economic, religious, and physical problems within the community, Salem Village wasRead MoreEssay about Reverand Hale in Arthur Millers The Crucible987 Words   |  4 Pages The Salem witch trials of 1692 caused much confusion and chaos. A total of 19 were executed for supposed witchcraft. For such a travesty to occur and to end, there must be certain people that catalyze the event and others that speak out against it. In The Crucible by Arthur Miller, specific characters contribute to the rising hysteria of witchcraft and the disapproval of the convictions. Reverend Hale is a unique character that provides attributions to both sides. Although Reverend Hale is a

Essay English Free Essays

Opinion column in the glamour magazine – Stereotypical jokes on intelligence – For years and years I’ve been subjected to blonde jokes. You hear blonde jokes at elementary schools, you hear them around the water cooler at work and you hear them on morning drive-time radio. Ever heard of this one before? â€Å"Q. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay English or any similar topic only for you Order Now How do you get a blonde to laugh at a joke on Saturday? A. Tell it to her on Tuesday. † Are those jokes about blondes or intelligence of a certain ethnical group really considered as funny? Are they politically correct? One could tell a joke about intelligence of almost every ethnical group or attribute of someone, does this mean that these jokes are political correct now, because everyone is affected by it? A random person tells a joke about my intelligence assuming that I am stupid just because I am blonde. I don’t care about the blonde jokes, simply because the ones who tell the joke know exactly that it is not true. If people start to believe and take it personally, it could cause a lot of problems. I am aware that I am not stupid, why would I be successful in my work then? Last week I walk into the office, everything as usual; my coffe and work awaiting on my desk, the employees getting ready to work. I get introduced to a new employee. A young tall man, seems confident, blue eyes, brown hair and dressed in a suite. Let’s say: Good looking. We talk, we laugh, I spill my coffee. He laughs and immediately has a blonde joke ready. Does he never spill his coffee? I could assume he’s a dumbass, just because he has the stereotyp of a good looking arrogant man. Certainly he didn’t mean to offend me, because we both know that blonde jokes are not true. Where is the context between blonde and dullness? The answer I believe is jealousy. Blondes are also seen as men-attracter, no matter if it is true or not. â€Å"Men prefer blonde women†, therefore other hair colored women are in the shadow of the blondes. Smells of jealousy! The men are not getting blamed for prefffering the blondes, but the blondes as stupid as they are â€Å"running after men†. Jealousy? Seriously? Are human beings getting so upset that they have to discrimnate someones intelligence only because of their hair color? Hair color neither has feelings nor can it talk, so what is it about the hair color? It is not only the blondes who are hearing the jokes over and over again. The first impression of an Asian people have is that they are smart. Without even talking to them their prejusdice is that this Asian person is smarter than everyone else. What would you say about the intelligence of an American? Yes, I can forsee you would say that they have no general knowledge. A joke about Americans â€Å"How does an american search for a rabbit ? He imitates the sound of a carrot. â€Å" The joke itself is funny and everyone knows that it is not true, since it is unrealistic. The thought behind the joke though is still considered as true, that Americans are stupid. Here is the point where it could cause troubles, if people actually believe in it. One cannot judge the Americans as stupid, since their culture might have teached them differently. Eduaction is different, but judge the one who is responsible for it and not the ones who are dependet of it. If they are not intelligent, why are we then buying their products? I use my Iphone everyday, I am writing on my MacBook and I love Starbucks. They all are American products. It needs intelligence to succeed, no matter what kind of product. It could be food, clothing or technic. I’m comparing Asians, Europeans and Americans now with their culture. People also say that the geographical knowledge of Americans are the worst, but does everyone in the world besides the Americans know where Estonia is? Would you know off by heart without looking at a map? I believe half of us wouldn’t know. In the American culture, people express one’s sentiments no matter if it is right or wrong and in case it is wrong they will laugh with it and correct is whereas in Europe it is embarassing. In Switzerland, where I live, it is an embarassement if you said something „veryâ€Å" wrong and people will laugh at you and not with you. In the Asian culture, for example in the Chinese culture there is the one-child policy. Obviously the parents want his only child to be successful and need to push them, therefore their effort overall in the culture is much higher than the ones of Americans. This still does not mean that Asians are smarter, only that some put in more effort and I would consider this as positive rather than negative. Maybe some are just again jealous that they don’t have the endurance to put in enough effort to achieve a goal. All these jokes about intelligence are superficial and therefore spread easily within a community or even outside the community. There is no logic behind these jokes, since one is proud of ones individuality and the whole world discloses individuality, but these jokes show the opposite. I clearly cannot see any correlation between these to human thoughts. I will just live with the blonde jokes and be amused of them rather than being offended, they are still funny. Intelligence cannot be measured through appearance or nationality. It’s obnoxious, unfair and stereotypical to blame intelligence on appearance or on an entire nationality. The lack of intelligence or â€Å"overdose† of intelligence simply doesn’t come from these factors. How to cite Essay English, Essays

Lilith Fair free essay sample

Recently a friend and I attended the Lilith Fair. It took place at an amphitheater, located on the outskirts of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Fair toured all summer hitting many major cities across the United States. Sarah McLachlan is the founder. She wanted to start a festival to celebrate the accomplishments of women in music. She named it Lilith in honor of the ancient mythic figure. Joining Sarah on stage were Fiona Apple, Tracy Bonham, Meredith Brooks, The Cardigans, Paula Cole, Shawn Colvin, Sheryl Crow, Indigo Girls, Jewel, Lisa Loeb, Joan Osborne and many more women who performed on side stages. The show I saw had Lisa Loeb, Shawn Colvin, Jewel, Sheryl Crow, Indigo Girls, and Sarah McLachlan. The scene at the Lilith Fair was very mellow. Everyone sat back, relaxed, and enjoyed the music. At my show it rained, but that only added to the atmosphere. Everyone I saw seemed to be having a good time and I did too. We will write a custom essay sample on Lilith Fair or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The only problem was that the Fair seemed overrated and commercialized. Even though most performers had respect for the audience, others did not. For example, Jewel did not finish her set when it started raining. Even though she was under a roof, she threw a fit. In all, the idea of celebrating women in music is wonderful and Sarah McLachlan had the right idea. I hope if The Lilith Fair decides to tour next summer, they get their act together a little more. Even though The Lilith Fair was not the best concert I have been to, I would recommend going just for the experience

Physics Laboratory Checklist Essays - Laboratories, Microsoft Excel

Physics Laboratory Checklist - Mrs. Gordon International Academyrighttop Laboratory experiences are important parts of the International Academy's physics courses. Some of these experiences will be hands on labs using the materials in the physics lab kit and everyday household items, some will be virtual labs, using specially written labs intended to model as much as possible a real life experiment. In either case, you will be conducting the laboratory experiment following a set of instructions, collecting data, analyzing your results and reporting your conclusions. Sometimes just the amount of resources, materials, and data can get overwhelming. It is important in science to make conclusions based on the data so it is equally important for you to include your data when you report your results and conclusions. Often we are simply confirming a known physics concept, but in a lab (or home) environment we rarely see what we expect. There are many reasons for that, but most importantly is the idea of experimental uncertainty and error. We will study the effec ts of these throughout our courses. This checklist (found on last page) is meant to help organize your lab data and analysis so that you get the most from the experiment and of course the highest grade possible on your lab report. We do not use traditional lab reports but instead simply ask you to answer a few questions about your lab. Because each student will have their own data, each student's answers may be very different. That does not mean anyone is necessarily right or wrong, but it does mean that it is critically important that you include your data to support your answers. You are always right if your answers are supported in this way. You are doing a lot of work so you want to get full credit for it! Explanation of Checklist Download all needed files for the lab. You can find these either in the Lesson Resources, the links within the Lab lesson slides or in the Unit resources (scroll down to the lab). Lab Instructions (only use those posted in the lesson content or the lab materials folder) Student guide Laboratory Guidelines/Safety Graded Assignment or Lab Report for Discussion (LRD) (only use those posted in the lesson content or the lab materials folder) Study Lab Lesson Slides Attend live or watch recorded Classconnect for the lab if available. Prepare Data Tables: These include all data that has been collected during the lab. You are provided data tables in your instructions. Your choices to complete them include: Type directly, then copy and paste into the lab report or lab discussion post. OrUse Excel (you can still copy and paste the tables so you have the format and columns headers). Save and attach Excel file as additional file with your lab report or discussion. OrPrint out the instructions, handwrite in the data tables, then scan (pdf or jpg), copy and paste or attach as separate file. Set up lab and conduct experiment following instructions closely. Make Graphs required in the instructions or for the lab report. Recommended that you use MS Excel or other graphing/spreadsheet program (see graphing tutorial). All graph components such as title, axes labels and units, trendline with equation, etc must be included. Use Add trendline feature, then show equation for slope calculations. Copy and paste into lab report/discussion or attached as separate file. OrMake hand drawn graphs, including all required components. There is graph paper you can print out to use in the lab resources. Draw a best fit line. Show your data points (x1,y1), (x2, y2) and work for any slope calculations. Scan, copy paste or attach as separate file. Complete Calculations required in the instructions or lab report. Show work including equations for required calculations. This can be handwritten (scanned, copy/paste, or attached as separate file). OrUse equation editor in MS Word or other program OrSome students also use "ink" tools that they may have in their word processing program or a separate program. If repeated calculations, you only need to show the work for a "sample" calculation. This must include your starting equation before any substitutions, then at least one example including any necessary metric conversions and proper units. Complete Lab Report (Graded Assignment) or Lab Report for Discussion (LRD) Answer questions using your data, graphs

Overview of Spanish Verb Tenses

Overview of Spanish Verb Tenses It almost goes without saying that the tense of a verb depends upon when the verbs action takes place. So it shouldnt be surprising that the Spanish word for tense in the grammatical sense is tiempo, the same as the word for time. In the simplest sense, there are three tenses: the past, present, and future. Unfortunately for anyone learning most languages, including English and Spanish, it is seldom that simple. Spanish also has a tense not connected to time, as well as two types of simple past tenses. Overview of Spanish Tenses Although both Spanish and English have complex tenses that use auxiliary verbs, students often begin by learning four types of simple tenses: The present tense is the most common tense and the one invariably learned first in Spanish classes.The future tense is most often used to refer to events that havent happened yet, but it can also be used for emphatic commands and, in Spanish, to indicate uncertainty about current happenings.The past tenses of Spanish are known as the preterite and the imperfect. To simplify, the first is usually used to refer to something that happened at a specific point in time, while the latter is used to describe events where the time period isnt specific.The conditional tense, also known in Spanish as el futuro hipotà ©tico, the future hypothetical, is different than the others in that it isnt clearly connected with a particular time period. As the name implies, this tense is used to refer to events that are conditional or hypothetical in nature. This tense should not be confused with the subjunctive mood, a verb form that also can refer to actions that arent necessarily real. Verb Conjugation In Spanish, verb tenses are formed by changing the endings of verbs, a process known as conjugation. We sometimes  conjugate verbs  in English, for example adding -ed to indicate the past tense. In Spanish, the process is much more extensive. For example, the future tense is expressed using conjugation rather than by using an additional word such as will or shall in English. There are five types of conjugation for simple tenses: Present tenseImperfectPreteriteFutureConditional In addition to the simple tenses already listed, it is possible in both Spanish and English to form what is known as the perfect tense by using a form of the verb haber in Spanish, to have in English, with the past participle. These compound tenses are known as present perfect, the pluperfect or past perfect, the preterite perfect (limited mostly to literary use), the future perfect and the conditional perfect. A Closer Look at Spanish Tenses Although the tenses of Spanish and English are very much alike- after all, the two languages share a common ancestor, Indo-European, with origins dating to prehistoric times- Spanish has some peculiarities in its tense usage: The differences in the past tenses of ser and estar can be especially subtle.Sometimes, the word used to translate a Spanish verb can vary depending on the tense used.It is possible to describe events that will happen in the future without using the future tense.While the English auxiliary verb would is often an indication that the conditional tense is being used, such isnt always the case.Although the conditional tense is a common one, there are also  conditional sentences that use other forms of verbs.By using estar as an auxiliary verb in the various tenses, it is possible to form progressive verbs that can be used in various tenses.

The Green Oxidation of Cyclohexanol to Cyclohexanone Lab Report

The Green Oxidation of Cyclohexanol to Cyclohexanone - Lab Report Example KMnO4 and Cr (VI) compounds such as H2CrO4 have been widely used as oxidizing agents in the oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds. However, each of these two reagents has its disadvantages, and chemists are increasingly using reagents containing chlorine in a positive oxidation state such as hypochlorite compounds. Sodium hypochlorite is the reagent chemists most commonly use for this purpose. Sodium hypochlorite has three crucial advantages over Cr (VI) compounds when used to oxidize cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone. Firstly, it has no hazardous waste products in contrast to Cr (VI) oxidations, which yield Cr (III) compounds, which are toxic to aquatic life. Secondly, sodium hypochlorite and its products have no skin or membrane irritation effects other than a negligible amount of chlorine gas, in contrast to Cr (VI) compounds, which are skin and membrane irritants. Thirdly, hypochlorite reagents are considerably cheaper than Cr (VI) compounds (Baird & Cann, 2008, p.67). 8 ml of cyclohexanol and 4 ml of glacial acetic acid were added to a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask. A thermometer was placed into the flask and used to record the initial temperature. 115 ml of commercial bleach (NaOCl) was obtained in a beaker. The bleach was slowly added to the Erlenmeyer flask using a disposable pipette while slowly stirring the flask. The temperature was maintained between 40oC and 50o using an ice water bath large enough to hold the flask. After adding all the bleach, the mixture was allowed to sit for about 20 minutes. The mixture was continuously stirred during this period. The presence of the oxidizing agent was tested by adding a drop of the solution to a piece of starch-iodide paper. There was no color change indicating that hypochlorite was not present. 4 drops of thymol blue indicator were added to the reaction mixture. The solution turned yellow. 18.4 ml of 6 M sodium hydroxide was added to the reaction mixture until a neutral pH was obtained. This point was indicated by a color change to blue. A simple distillation apparatus was set up, with the receiving container being a 50 ml graduated cylinder. A 250 ml round-bottomed flask was used as the â€Å"still pot†. The mixture was distilled through steam distillation, and a mixture of cyclohexanone and water was obtained in a graduated cylinder. 40 ml of distillate was obtained. B. Isolation and Purification of Cyclohexanone The distillate mixture was placed in an Erlenmeyer flask. 6.8 g of NaCl was slowly added to the 34 ml aqueous layer with stirring in order to reduce the solubility of the cyclohexanone. This enabled it to be extracted completely using ether. The mixture was poured into a separatory funnel. Ether was added to the mixture until a 20 – 25 ml of organic layer was obtained. The separatory funnel was gently shaken with frequent venting. The aqueous and organic layers were left to separate. The aqueous layer was run off into a beaker labeled â€Å"aqueous waste†. The ether solution was poured from the separatory funnel into an Erlenmeyer flask. 3 M sodium hydroxide solution was added to the solution of ether, and the flask was gently shaken with frequent venting. The resulting aqueous layer was